For nonnewtonian liquids method c using the rotating viscometer may be used. A fluid analysis was done to determine how the dimensions of the viscometer affected its function. The purpose of this lab is to provide experience using a tabletop facility and common viscosity measurement systems such as saybolt viscometer and the stokes viscometer to obtain fluid flow resistance measurements like density and viscosity of the. It is assumed that the dimensions of the capillary tube play a key role in the function of the viscometer. When used in application types of construction, the material must be thin enough to be uniformly applied through the spray bar of distributor, yet thick enough so that it will not flow from the crown or grade of the road. Falling ball viscometer aim the purpose of this experiment. What links here related changes upload file special pages permanent link. It is based on the principle that the fluid whose viscosity is being measured is sheared between two surfaces. Determination of saybolt, kinematic, and shear viscosity. The saybolt viscometer, one of the efflux cup viscometers is the standard instrument for testing petroleum products. These are referred to as semimicro or micro viscometers. The cannonmanning semimicro page 8 is a utube viscometer that has been modified to measure the kinematic viscosity of samples as small as 1. This paper presents one lab experiment developed at indianauniversity.
This experiment is focused on the measurement of saybolt viscosity of crude oil and liquid petroleum product at specified temperature between 70 degf and 140 degf to check the validity of andrades equation which expresses viscosity as a function. These viscometers are used to measure kinematic viscosity. The universal orifice, also known as a standard orifice, is made of stainless steel. Standard test method for measuring viscosity at high temperature and high shear rate by taperedplug viscometer. This manual covers the dv2t viscometer and the dv2t extra viscometer. For liquids with viscosities which vary with flow conditions, an instrument called a rheometer is used. Lab 1 viscosity ce 320a lab experiment report 1 viscosity. The device used for measurement of viscosity is known as viscometer. To determine the kinematic viscosity of four grades of motor oil at various temperatures using a saybolt viscometer. Instruction manual model 1602 rolling ball viscometer chandler. Viscometer the viscometer, illustrated in figure 10. The rotating fluids shear forces drive the rotor, while a magnet inside the rotor forms an eddy current brake with the surrounding copper housing. The objective of this experiment is to demonstrate the principles of poiseuilles law and stokes law, to directly measure the viscosity and density of selected liquids, as well as to show how temperature affects the viscosity of fluids. The saybolt viscometer controls the heat of the fluid and the viscosity is the time is takes the fluid to fill a 60cc container.
The orifice tip, universal orfurol may be constructed as a replaceable unit in the viscometer. A bohlin viscometer was utilized to determine the shear viscosity of vanilla yogurt, ketchup, glycerin, and shampoo. The concept of viscosity is wellknown in everyday experience, liquids with low viscosity such as water are said to be thin, on the other hand. The viscometer and test assembly should be stored, when not in. To learn more about viscosity, how it varies relative to temperature, and to demonstrate one method of how it. The viscometer used consists of a cylindrical cup with a capillary tube at one end. A bohlin viscometer was utilized to determine the shear viscosity of. Ostwald viscometer, rubber tube with screw pinch cock, relative density r. In case of newtonian liquids h will remain invariant if the shear rate changes with all other test conditions remaining unchanged. Let the liquid to flow through the capillary tube with run time when the liquid reaches the mark shown on the viscometer and then stopped time when the liquid reaches the bottom mark. Thus, a rheometer can be considered as a special type of viscometer.
Viscosity is a tensorial quantity that can be decomposed in different ways into two independent components. Proceedings of the 2003 international symposium on liquid metals guest editors. Cambridge viscosity has set the standard for extraordinarily precise, reliable, and virtually maintenancefree viscosity measurement systems. The furol and asphalt orifices, respectively, have an efflux. Determination of the liquid permeability of consolidated cores experiment 4. Kinematic viscosity is the dynamic viscosity divided by the density typical units m2s, stokes, st. Redwood viscometers,redwood viscometers multiple apparatus.
Efflux cup viscometers are most commonly used for fieldwork to measure the viscosity of oils, syrups, varnish, paints and bitumen emulsions. Pta178 universal orifice regulates flow, and threads into viscometer tube in the pt82 saybolt viscometer for determining viscosity of petroleum liquids. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. For this study, a saybolt viscometer was utilized to quantify the efflux rate of baby oil. A string shorter than the height of the axle from the floor of the laboratory is taken and. It is inserted in the viscometer tube using the orifice wrench included with the viscometer. Procedure of saybolt viscometer experiment is explained in this video. D bottle known as pyknometer also, stand, beaker, unknown liquid, distilled water. Astm d7496 18 standard test method for viscosity of. This receiving flask can be used in saybolt viscometer baths. Dynamic viscosity, also absolute viscosity, the more usual one typical units pas, poise, p. Objective to become familiar with the term viscosity, its influence and effects, its techniques and application in the field of engineering especially for design of the road pavements. Universal orifice for saybolt viscometer gilson co.
A viscometer also called viscosimeter is an instrument used to measure the viscosity of a fluid. Pdf determination of saybolt viscosity of crude oil and. There are three types of orifices availableuniversal, furol, asphalt. These viscometer give the value of the dynamic viscosity. Sinewave vibro viscometer sv10sv100 measures viscosity by detecting the driving. The temperature is controlled by electronic digital temperature controller. Theredwoodviscometer,3whichisstandardinengland,isof the same general efflux type astheengler, of germany,and the saybolt universal, whichhasbeenadopted as standard for lubri. In these viscometers one of the surfaces is stationary and the other is rotated by an external drive and the fluid fills the space. Printing, creating pdf files and emailing from viscositymaster. Temperature dependent dynamic absolute viscosity of oil.
The dv2t extra is a special package that includes several optional features to maximize the utility of the dv2t. Viscosity 5 viscosity coefficients viscosity coefficients can be defined in two ways. Redwood viscometers multiple apparatus it consists. Kinematic viscosity was determined for diesel, biodiesel, and jet fuel using a cannonfenske capillary viscometer. The viscosity of a fluid is a measure of its resistance to gradual deformation by shear stress or tensile stress. Calculation of viscometer constants for cannonfenske routine and cannonfenske opaque viscometers certain modified ostwaldtype viscometers for transparent liquids like the cannonfenske routine and the cannonmanning semimicro and reverseflow viscometers for opaque and. Liquid viscosity measurement using capillary tube viscometer, cone and. The tube is located in a temperature controlled chamber 1 and set such that saybolt viscometer experiment sphere saybolt viscometer experiment situated in the centre of the two magnets. Elcometer 2300 rotational viscometer and viscositymaster. Put viscometer vertically in the water bath at the desired temperature. Using the brookfield viscometer, the viscosity of a. Saybolt viscometer bath supports the following standards. The testing procedure is quite similar to the capillarytube viscometers 5.
The force of friction which one part of the liquid offers to another part of the liquid is called viscosity. Astm d244, astm d88, d244, e102, aashto t72 designed for saybolt universal and furol viscosity testing, this constant temperature bath meets all astm and aashto requirements for precise temperature control. A lowcost affordable viscometer design for experimental fluid viscosity. In both tests, the time taken for 60 ml of the liquid, held at a specific temperature, to flow through a calibrated tube, is measured, using a saybolt viscometer.
Dynamic or absolute viscosity, oil, kinematic viscosity, redwood viscometer no. The redwood viscometer consist of vertical cylindrical oil cup with an orifice in the centre of its base. Calculation of viscometer constants for cannonfenske. Repeat the experiment and record the results take average of results. The glass capillary viscometers, shown in figure 32, are examples of the second type of viscometer used. Introduction the viscosity of a fluid is an important property in the analysis of liquid behavior and fluid motion near solid boundaries. Viscosity of a polyurethane resin university of houston. Our sensors and viscometer systems conform to astm, din, jis and iso standards, with a range of models designed to meet specific industry and application needs. For the love of physics walter lewin may 16, 2011 duration. The determination of viscosity of newtonian liquids is carried out by means of a capillary viscometer unless otherwise specified. Fluids lab 1 fall 2003 viscosity objectives of the. Saybolt viscometer read the following before getting started. Image shows two tube version bm472 stainless steel saybolt viscometer, supplied complete with furol and universal interchangeable orifices, oil bath, electric heater with digital thermoregulator, stirrer, cooling coil, viscosity flask.
The time required for the test liquid to flow through a capillary of a known diameter of a. The crosssection of the viscometer is shown in figure 1. Test results from your viscometer can be printed using two methods. The viscometer operates on a rollingball principle where the rolltime of a. Ball bearing suspension not included in lv versions, ezlock spindle connection, model q lab stand, and rheocalct software. There are various instruments, called viscometers, for measuring viscosity. These are the same forces that you will see reported in the yellow box aisc the top of each subinterface tab in the results report.